Risks Management Risk Management - 1658 Words

Introduction:Risk is for all intents and purposes anything that debilitates or limits the capacity of a group or philanthropic association to accomplish its main goal. It can be startling and erratic occasions, for example, devastation of a building, the wiping of all our PC records, loss of stores through robbery or harm to a part then again guest who stumbles on a tricky floor and chooses to sue. Any of these or a million different things can happen, and on the off chance that they do they can possibly harm our association, money loss, or in a most dire outcome imaginable, cause your association to close.[1] Risk Management:Risk management is the procedure of distinguishing risk, surveying risk, and making moves to diminish risk to a worthy level. The risk management methodology decides the procedures, strategies, instruments, and group parts and obligations regarding a particular task. The risk management plan portrays how chance administration will be organized and performed on the venture. As an administration procedure, risk management is utilized to recognize and maintain a strategic distance from the potential cost, timetable, and execution/specialized dangers to a framework, take a proactive and organized way to deal with oversee negative results, react to them on the off chance that they happen, and distinguish potential open doors that may be covered up in the circumstance. The risk management approach and arrangement operationalize these administrationShow MoreRelatedRisks Management : Risk Management1144 Words   |  5 PagesRisk Management All projects are subject to the effects of uncertainty. The uncertainty creates the need for organizations to be aware of the many different types of risk they will be challenged with for the duration of the project. To understand the level of risk the organization must have a defined process for project risk management to include their risk appetite, risk tolerance and risk thresholds. Project Risk Management is the processes of conducting risk management planning, identificationRead MoreRisks And Risks Of Risk Management1150 Words   |  5 Pagestalking about Risk Management. What is Risk Management? Risk Management is identifying potential risks that could arise whilst developing a software product and taking specific measures on how you could prevent these risks from occurring. Risks not only have an impact on software product, but also have an impact on the overall project and the business organization, therefore it is important to know what a risk is and how to minimize it. (Sommerville, 2010) What is a risk? A risk is â€Å"uncertainRead MoreRisks And Risks Of Risk Management3542 Words   |  15 Pagesvalue of risk management in healthcare industries today. Not only is it difficult to quantify how risk is prevented because it didn’t happen; challenging measures need to be taken to assess risk managements effectiveness and efficiency. Risk management reduces the likelihood of specific losses by formulating tactical strategies and gathering data on potential threats in the workplace. Risk is inevitable, whether it be patient safety risks, fraudulent claim risks, or documentation risks, problemsRead MoreThe Risks Of Risk Management1632 Words   |  7 PagesThe ability to understand and quantify risk, is of the utmost importance. This is something that can be used to define the precise ways that risk should have the ability to be managed, and the precise way that risk should be dealt with on a macro level. It is important to understand that risk management is an ex cellent medium in which risk could be mitigated. This is an important variable that must be understood in this case, as there are many potential risk areas that the firm must deal with. ByRead MoreProject Risk And Risk Management1412 Words   |  6 Pages1- Abstract: Project Risk is an undefined event that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative impact in the project’s results. There are two types of risks can affect the project, they are threats and opportunities. The first affects negatively and the second affects positively. These risks can be individual risks or overall project risk. The project risk management includes six process: 1- Risk Management Planning: Deciding how to plan and execute the activities. 2- Risk Identification: DeterminingRead MoreRisks Associated With Risk Management1098 Words   |  5 Pagestolerance for financial risks than operating risks. Financial risks include risks associated with foreign exchange rates, liquidity, credit decisions and the operating risks include risks associated with supply chain, information technology. Financial risks are generally easier to quantify and control as compared to operating risks, many of which are due to being influenced by external factors out of a company’s control. (Compliance week, 2008) The process of risk management has been greatly influencedRead MoreRisks And Risk Management Plan1240 Words   |  5 PagesRisk Management Plan Introduction An important part any project is to identify risks and to determine how to address said risks. In this paper, I will identify 10 risks that could occur during the making of Coleman Covenant Studios. I will also assess and address each risk in detail. Although I am hopeful the completion of this project will happen with minimal negative risks, I do realize hope is not a plan. For this reason, this risk management plan is in place to acknowledge and prepare forRead MoreRisks And Risks Of Risk Management Practices1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe aim of risk documentation is to provide security and information to users, such as management, so that they can make effective decisions (HB 436:2013, pp. 88). AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 is the standard for risk management principles and guidelines in Australia (HB 436:2013, pp. 2). HB436:2013 provides guidance to the application of AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 (HB 436: 2013, pp.2). In 2013 HB436:2004 was updated, one of the new changes states that risk management practices should be able to traceable, howeverRead MoreRisk Management And Risk Mitigation849 Words   |  4 PagesRisk management consorts with the assessment, detection and avoidance methods in order to minimize the adverse effects of risk on organizations. Risk management techniques compose of loss control, risk retention, risk avoidance and risk transfer. One project could potentially have numerous different risk management models throughout its lifecycle. If a senior artist retires before the movie is complete, the production of art renderings will be delayed and will result in slipping the project scheduleRead MoreRISK MANAGEMENT1971 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Risk Management Plan for the Charming Cafe reference: Version 1.0: date: 7/28/2014 VERSION HISTORY Version # Implemented By Revision Date Approved By Approval Date Reason TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 1.1 Project Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 1.2 Project Scope†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...5 1.3 Project Task(WBS)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 1.4 Purpose of

The Hip Hop Culture By Andrew Marantz - 1526 Words

In todays hip hop culture, artists often times portray through the lyrical content of their music different fallacies about themselves in order to develop their image or construct a brand for themselves. Although we as listeners under most circumstances are well aware that the songs are just made for the enjoyment of fans, perhaps the artists are becoming remotely too consumed with their lyrics and are beginning to believe that they are the realist in hip hop when they have barely scratched the surface well enough to establish a well enough name for themselves. Andrew Marantz wrote an article on who’s really real in hip hop which definitely will make readers begin to question Australian female artist, Iggy Azalea and her reference to being the realist in hip hop. She is compared and contrasted with several other well-known and legendary artist such as Tupac and Pusha T. Iggy is known for her Barbie-ish appearance and her strategically placed beauty mark that makes listeners an d fans question whether or not she’s really real. Marantz uses various rhetorical strategies throughout the article in order to effectively construct his argument and he also references memorable moments in hip hop that recognized Tupac and other artists who are considered as icons in hip hop and who are legendary and in essence, â€Å"the realist.† Azalea begins her most popular song Fancy which topped the charts for quite sometime after it made its initial debut with â€Å"First things first I’m the realist.†

Was king henry an innovator Free Essays

Henry the VII was born on the 28th of January 1457 and had a very interesting life. He became king In the well-known Battle of Bowwow’s where he killed the king at that time, who was Richard Ill with the assistance of the Stanley brothers. At that point In history, England was a very weak culturally, economically and militarily. We will write a custom essay sample on Was king henry an innovator? or any similar topic only for you Order Now England was also torn in half for years by a civil war which is also known as the Wars of the Roses. This meant that king Henry VII had not only inherited the crown but several major robbers, which Henry intended to solve these issues. Some of these problems were that the British Isles needed unification, as both Ireland and Scotland were both hostile and separate, or the English Just didn’t have control over them. Another problem was the military development. The army Henry inherited with his crown relied on the bow, while other nations were moving on to fire arms. Above all else, though, King Henry VII planned to create a new dynasty; the Tudor dynasty. He went about solving these Issues In a very clever and unique style which proved to be effective. Some believed, though, that Henry merely adopted these ideas from previous monarchs and It just proved more effective In his rule. That’s why there Is not an agreement on whether or not King Henry was an Innovator. Some historians argue that King Henry the VII was an innovator, and have many arguments to support them. Most, if not all, of these arguments revolved around three main areas which were finance, foreign policies and his relationship with the nobles. On the first area, Henry held money very close to his heart. He had adopted Edward Avis use of the chamber (which can also show that he wasn’t an innovator) but had ended up creating more than 3 times the revenue that Edward had made, which was due partly to the fact that Henry supervised his accounts more closely than Edward. Henry also TLD spoil his family. He was assisted greatly by the fact that the only relative In his family was his uncle who had passed away a decade after his reign. Further proof can be seen by â€Å"He was careful not to give away much to his wife’s relatives, the Woodpile connection, to whom Edward had been more generous†. Henry also developed to a fine are his recognizes, which were basically a way of ensuring that henrys more important subjects obeyed the law and lived in peace. The way these recognizes worked were that if a nobleman or gentleman offended the king, or that their conduct was a threat to the public order, they would be obliged to pay specified sums of money if they broke the conditions laid down by the recognizes. It is shown that out of the 62 peers that existed between years 1485 and 1 509, 46 of them were under recognizes at one point or another. This as henrys method of holding the upper class to ransom for their good behavior. At the start of Henrys reign, he had inherited a considerable debt, but ended up becoming solvent In the beginning of his reign. Henry not only became solvent but ended up securing a surplus In his later years. He also had a very strong relationship with the nobles. During The Wars of the Roses, many nobles had taken advantage of relationship to the nobility than his predecessor did. Henry, unlike Edward who made nine new earls, only made two new earls who were his stepfather Lord Stanley and Edward Courtesan. Another difference between Henry and Edward were that there were no â€Å"super-nobles†, while in Edwards reign; he had made his mother’s brother more powerful by showering him with land. Henry was very cautious not to reward too generously, even to the nobles who were most useful to him. Retaining, which was that lords could retain servants or followers to serve him in war or peace, was a major problem for Henry. Both Henry and his predecessor knew that they shouldn’t end it all together, as they recognized a nobles right to retinue, due to the fact that these ties of loyalty between lords and their followers were important for the smooth functioning of society’. Henrys aim, though, was to attempt to end the lawlessness and corruption which could result if retaining remained unchecked. That is when he created the rule in 1504, which stated that every lord had to obtain a license for his retinue from the king equipped with a list of named retainers. The main difference between Henry and Edward was that Henry enforced his laws in a more resolute way. Foreign policies were another one of his specialties. Both Edward and his successor .NET about similarly taking claim to the French throne, both led invasions of France and both achieved treaties by which the French king agreed to pay them annually. They were also very similar with Scotland, as both of them concluded long truces with their neighbors which were eventually broken up by open war. Differences between the two kings were even clearer. King Edward was the renaissance prince, and sought out to gain land by attempting to invade France and Scotland, which were both serious attempts to gain some of the land that England had lost. Henry on the other hand was quite the opposite. He was â€Å"more inclined to peace than war†. Henry had signed a treaty with Spain to ensure security. The treaty of friendship opened the way to marriage between Catherine of Argon, the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, and Henrys eldest son, Prince Arthur. He had also strengthened his connections with Scotland by marrying his daughter Margaret and James IV of Scotland, and also ensured that Henry VIII should marry Catherine of Argon, after the death of Prince Arthur. How to cite Was king henry an innovator?, Papers

How is act 3 scene 1 of Romeo and Juliet especially dramatic Essay Example For Students

How is act 3 scene 1 of Romeo and Juliet especially dramatic? Essay How is act 3 scene 1 of Romeo and Juliet especially dramatic? What techniques do you think are practically successful in creating dramatic tension? Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy, they are from Verona in Italy. They are young people that fall deeply in love, but the problem is that they are from different families that like to fight each other. Romeo and Juliet are so madly in love that there love leads to death. Act 2 ends on a note of happiness the audience have seen Romeo and Juliet get married by friar lawance, but no one know about their marriage. The story seems to be heading to a good start despite what the prologue says. Act 3 scene 1 changes every think, this is a very important scene, it can be split up into six sections. The first contains Mercutio talking to Benvolio, winding him up. This part of the scene is light-hearted, although Benvolio is worried about the events that may follow due to the hot weather. Mercutio accuses him of being quarrelsome when he himself is the quarreller of the pair. The second section begins when Tybalt enters the scene. He and Mercutio have a battle of words in which Mercutio clearly ties him in knots. The third part starts when Romeo enters. The third, forth and fifth sections are the fight between Mercutio and Tybalt, Romeos revenge and the Princes judgement. This scene happened so quickly that it draws dramatic tension. Honour is a very important part of the play, at the start of the play the servants of the capulets and Montagues meet. This isnt good because it leads to insults, which therefore fights start. In act 1 scene 1 Sampson says, draw if you be men this means that any man that doesnt fight is not a real man. It is quite oblivious that the play, so far in our discussion has contained much tension and drama. As a result it would be very approprite to examine the techniques that Shakespeare uses to create and continue the tension associated with the turn of events in this scene. Shakespeare uses blank verse, prose and rhyming couplets in this scene. Although Mercutio has great status, he talks in prose, perhaps in order to allow more room for him to play with words. He also uses similes and metaphors such as my fiddlestick and deep as a well. These effectively portray him as a troublemaker who is good with words. Romeos language is his usual romantic style, even when he is overcome with fury he talks of Mercutios soul. Benvolio talks in blank verse, as he is something of a boring character, but quite important to the play. Dramatic irony is very important part in Romeo and Juliet. There is dramatic irony in the prologue, which is based throughout the play. A good piece of dramatic irony is act 3 scene 1 this is the turning point in the play hastening the progression towards the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. The death of Mercutio in this scene removes the subplot. Shakespeare removed him so that he would no longer distract the audience or wondering what humorous comments he would come out with next. Romeo still needs to tell his friend about the marriage to Juliet. Shakespeare uses dramatic irony exceptionally well in this scene, by making sure that the audience know what is going to happen. Shakespeare makes the atmosphere by the disturbance of act 3 scene 1. Mercutios role in the play comes to an end, as does Tybalts. Mercutio is the main character in this scene, joking with everyone, be it light-heartedly or serious. It is because of Mercutio that Romeo loses his temper and kills Tybalt. Benvolio the peacemaker does not draw to beat down their weapons as Romeo tells him to. His main role here is at the end when he explains to the Prince what has happened here. Benvolios account is not entirely truthful. He exaggerates the innocence of Romeo and leaves out most of Mercutios part. Shakespeare included these explanations of what has happened in case his audience had not been paying attention. Tybalt is an angry young man that has been insulted, and wants revenge. He is killed to doom the love of Romeo and Juliet. Lady Capulet stirs the feud at the end, demanding revenge and insisting that more of them were there. .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 , .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .postImageUrl , .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 , .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:hover , .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:visited , .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:active { border:0!important; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:active , .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81 .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud4ada139f01d969b4900f4263954aa81:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Romeo and Juliet: A Play about "Untimely Death"Â   EssayRomeo and Juliet as a play was very much influenced by the time in which it was written. Sword fighting was still popular, so Shakespeare included fighting scenes and also some fencing terms; he used lots of rhythm, rhyme, honour, prose, puns and dramatic irony to successfully create dramatic tension. Shakespeares technique was extremely successful.

The Taking of America free essay sample

America was no exception. European states began devising legal rules to justify and rationalize the process of acquiring title to the lands (Robertson, 2011 The Doctrine of Discovery that was first issued by Pope Nicholas V of the Catholic Church to King Alfonse V of Portugal in the bull Romans Pontiffs. This allowed the capture, conquer, and domination of enemies, nonbelievers of Christ, and their territories. The same privilege was granted to Spain by Pope Alexander VI as a papal document that declared war against all non- Christians around the world.Newcomer, 1 992) These international laws of Western Christendom laid the groundwork for this religious doctrine that the united States government used to deny the rights of the Native American Indians. (Newcomer, 1992) This is the basic connection between the Christendom principles of discovery and the laws of the United States. This lead to the formulation of contemporary United States policies and laws that took away the Native American Indians rights to their lands, resources, and authentic way of life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Taking of America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The indigenous peoples of North America lost to the covering European sovereignty and were considered dependents or tenants on their own lands. (Robertson, 2011) In 1 790, the United States Congress passed the first in a series of Trade and Intercourse Acts carrying forward the proscription of individual unlicensed purchases, indeed expanding the proscription to make purchases of Indian lands by states illegal and remains a part of the United States Code (Robertson, 201 1, p. 29). There are three cases and opinions involved in the development of the Marshall Trilogy-so call after their author, Chief Justice John Marshall- theSupreme Court laid much of the groundwork for the subsequent development of Indian law and policy in these areas (Robertson, 2011, p. 29). Johnson v Millionths (1 823), set forth the basic rules Of land acquisition and property rights; the second and third, Cherokee Nation v Georgia (1 831 ) and Worcester v Georgia (1 832), offered rules relating to the nature and scope of tribal sovereignty (Robertson, 2011 , p. 29). These court cases determined the federal governments status regarding Native Americans. This doctrine of discovery was first articulated in the Supreme Court test case,Johnson v Millionths (1823). (Robertson, 2011) This was the first case concerning Native Americans to be heard in the American court system and the issue of the extent and limits of tribal sovereignty came before the Supreme Court. The case was about a land dispute between two white men that both were represented by counsel paid for by Wabash Land Companies. (Robertson, 2011) The dispute challenged the validity of the land title bought by Thomas Johnson Jar. s ancestors in 1 773 (prior to Independence) from the Epiphanies Indians and the 1775 Wabash land deed purchased by WilliamMillionths from the United States federal government pertaining to the same plot of land. (Robertson, 2011) Johnson sued for an statement on the grounds that his title was bought first which considered it superior. (Robertson, 201 1) The Court rejected it under the doctrine of discovery that denies the right of Indians (due to settler colonialism) to sell their lands to anyone other than the British Crown. (Robertson, 2011) Post-Independence, the United States obtained all rights held by the Crown.

Roman Gladiators, Their Arms, and Armor

Roman Gladiators, Their Arms, and Armor Much like todays football players or WWF wrestlers, Roman gladiators could win renown and fortune in the arenas. Modern sportsmen sign contracts; ancient ones made oaths. Injuries were common, and the life of a player was generally short. Unlike modern sports figures, however, gladiators were usually slaves or criminals: They were not expected to fight in wars or battles, but instead fought one-on-one (usually) as entertainment, in an arena. As a gladiator, a man could potentially raise his status and wealth if he was both popular and successful. Gladiators and Their Weapons Gladiators were often criminals and slaves, hired to provide entertainment in the Roman Circus or another arena.  There were many different types of gladiators, based on their clothing and weapons.  Weapons used by some gladiators included knives and swords, shields, and helmets.The use of the weapons was taught at a professional school called a ludus. Both the men and the weapons were owned (and rented out) by the head of the school.   Schools and Standing of the Gladiators Gladiators did not fight in the Roman army, but after the Spartacus revolt in 73 BCE, some were professionally trained to perform in the arena. Training schools (called ludus gladiatorius) taught prospective gladiators. The schools- and the gladiators themselves- were owned by a lanista, who would lease the men out for upcoming gladiatorial events. If a gladiator was killed during the battle, the lease would convert to a sale and the price might be as high as 50 times the rent. There were many types of gladiators in ancient Rome, and they were trained at the ludus by a specialist (doctores or magistrii) skilled in that form of fighting. Each type of gladiator had his own set of traditional weapons and armor. Some gladiators- like the Samnites- were named for opponents of the Romans; other types of gladiators, like the Provacator and Secutor, took their names from their functions: challenger and pursuer. Often, certain types of gladiators fought only specific foes, because the best type of entertainment was thought to be an evenly matched pair with contrasting fighting styles. Weapons and Armor of the Roman Gladiators Most of the information about Roman gladiators comes from Roman historians, as well as mosaics and tombstones. One source is the Oneirocritica of Artemidorus, a professional diviner of the second century CE Rome. Artemidorus interpreted dreams for Roman citizens, and a chapter of his book discusses what a mans dream of fighting with a specific gladiator type implies about the wife he is going to marry. There were four principal classes of Roman gladiator: Samnites, Thraex, Myrmillo, and Retiarius. Samnite The Samnites were named after the great Samnite warriors that Rome defeated in the early years of the republic, and they are most heavily armed of the four main types. After the Samnites became Roman allies, the name was dropped, likely changed to the secutor (pursuer) although that is somewhat debated. Their weapon and armor included: Scutum: a large oblong shield made from three sheets of wood, glued together and topped with a leather or canvas coating.Galea: plumed helmet with a visor and small eye holesGladius: short sword called divides the throat, one of several words for a sword, used primarily by Roman foot soldiers but also by gladiators; probably a celtic word from which the term gladiator comesManicae: leather elbow or wristbandsGreaves: leg armor that went from ankle to just below the knee. Traex (plural Thraces) The Thraces were named after another enemy of Rome, and they usually fought in pairs against the Mirmillones. Artemidorus warned that if a man dreamed he was fighting a Traex, his wife would be rich (because the Traexs body was completely covered by armor); crafty (because he carries a curved scimitar); and fond of being first (because of a Traexs advancing techniques). Armor used by the Thraces included: Small rectangular shieldSica: curved scimitar-shaped dagger designed for slicing attacks on an opponentGaleaManicaeGreaves Mirmillo (spelled Myrmillo, Murmillo and plural Murmillones) A mumillo stands triumphant, in a 4th century CE mosiac from Torrenova. Corbis / Getty Images Murmillones were the fish men, who wore a large helmet with a fish on its crest, armor with leather or metal scales, and a straight Greek-styled sword. He was heavily armored, with a massive helmet with tiny eye slits and he was often paired with the Retiarii. The Murmillones carried: Cassis crista, a heavy bronze helmet used to protect the faceGaleaManicae  but made of mailOcrea: shin guards Retiarius (plural Retiarii) Retiarius fights and wins against another, in this Roman mosiac from Torrenova. Corbis via Getty Images / Getty Images The Retiarii or net men usually fought with weapons modeled on the tools of a fisherman. They only wore armor on the arm and shoulder, leaving legs and head exposed. They most commonly fought the secutor and murmillo  or one another. The Roman satirist Juvenal describes a disgraced nobleman named Gracchus who trained as a retiarius because he was too proud to wear defensive armor or use offensive weapons and refused to wear a helmet that would have hidden his shame. Artemidorus  said that men who dreamed of battles with the retiarii were sure to find a wife who was poor and wanton, roaming about for any man who wanted her. The Retiarii carried: Retes: a weighted net used to entangle the opponentFascina: long, three-pronged trident which was thrown like a harpoonGalerus: (metal shoulder piece)Short quilted tunics Secutor Engraving of Ancient Roman Gladiators Fighting, Retiarius vs. Secutor.    Secutors were armed almost exactly like a murmillo, except that they had a smooth helmet that wouldnt get entangled with the nets of the retiarii. Aremidorus reports that the man who dreamed of fighting with a secutor was sure to get a woman who was attractive and rich, but proud and disdainful of her husband. The armor of the Secutors included: Loincloth with a leather beltDistinctive simple helmetGaleaManicaeOcrea Provacator (pl. Provacatores) Provacator battles a retiarii, mosaic from the 3rd century CE. Print Collector/Getty Images / Getty Images A Provacator (or challenger) was dressed as a legionnaire during the Republic era but later stripped down in elegance. The Provacatores starred in what were considered the best battles, and they mostly fought each other. The Roman dream analyst said that dreams of fighting this man meant you would get a wife who is attractive and graceful, but also flirtatious and wanton. Provacatores were armed with: GaleaRound top helmet with circular eye grates and feather plumages on either side of the headHighly decorated square scutum (shield)Cardiophylax: small breastplate, usually rectangular or crescent-shaped.ManicaeGreaves Eques (pl. Equites) Equites fought on horseback, they were essentially gladiator cavalrymen, who were lightly armed and only fought one another. Artemidorus said that dreaming of battle with an eques meant you would have a bride who was rich and noble but of limited intelligence. Equites carried or wore: Sword or a spearMedium sized shieldBrimmed helmet with two decorative feathers and no crest Gladiators of Lesser Fame The dimachaerii (two-knife men) were armed with two short scimitar blades (siccae) designed for slicing attacks on an opponent. Reports of the armor they carry range from nothing but a loincloth or a belt to a wide variety of armor including chain mail.The essadarii (chariot men) fought with a spear or gladius from war chariots in the fashion of the Celts, introduced by Julius Caesar when he got back from GaulThe hoplomachii (armored fighters) wore a helmet and basic arm and leg protection, a small round shield called a parmula, a gladius, a short dagger known as a pugio, and a gladius graecus, a leaf-shaped sword used only by them.The laquearii (lasso men) used a noose or a lasso.Velites or skirmishers hurled missiles and fought on foot.A scissor fought with a specialized short knife with two blades in the shape of an open pair of scissors without the hinge.Catervarii battled each other in groups, rather than one-on-one.Cestus fought with their fists, which were wrapped in leather w rappings studded with spikes. Crupellarii were trainee slaves who wore heavy armor of iron making it hard for them to fight, rapidly exhausted and easily dispatched.Noxii were criminals who fought animals or each other: They were not really armed and so not really gladiators.Anadabatae wore helmets without eyeholes. Sources Barton, Carlin A. The Scandal of the Arena. Representations 27 (1989): 1–36. Print.Carter, Michael. Artemidorus and the á ¼Ë†Ã ÃŽ ²ÃŽ ®ÃŽ »ÃŽ ±Ãâ€º Gladiator. Zeitschrift fur  Papyrologie und Epigraphik 134 (2001): 109–15. Print.Carter, M. J. Gladiatorial Combat: The Rules of Engagement. The Classical Journal 102.2 (2006): 97–114. Print.Neubauer, Wolfgang, et al. The Discovery of the School of Gladiators at Carnuntum, Austria. Antiquity 88 (2014): 173–90. Print.Oliver, James Henry. Symmachi, Homo Felix. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 25 (1957): 7–15. Print.Reid, Heather L. Was the Roman Gladiator an Athlete? Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 33.1 (2006): 37–49. Print.

Samples, Power Analysis, and Design Sensitivity Statistics Project

Samples, Power Analysis, and Design Sensitivity - Statistics Project Example A research that lacks either form of validity communicates possible deviations from actual properties of the research subjects and can therefore not be relied upon. Both external and internal validities are also susceptible to threats that must be monitored for a desired level of accuracy. The two forms of validities are therefore important in developing confidence in drawn conclusions and made inferences from a research initiative. They are however different in their specific scopes of applicability, and their threats. Internal validity for instance defines a research process’ independence from confounds that may influence observations contrary to the treatment’s causal effects while external validity defines the degree of confidence in inferring research results to a population. Another difference between internal and external validity is their sets of threats. Threats to internal validity such as â€Å"maturation,† â€Å"selection,† â€Å"instrumentati on,† â€Å"statistical regression,† and â€Å"attrition† induces bias on the causal effect relationship to impair accuracy of observation on treatment effect. Threats to external validity however include â€Å"reactive effects of testing,† â€Å"interactive effect of selection,† â€Å"reactive effect of innovation† and â€Å"multiple program interface† and induces barriers between properties of the used sample and other population segments (Fink, 2004, 78, 79). Research questions to which external validity is of primary concern are those questions that seek to establish relationships that are generally applicable to an entire population. Example is a research question to establish the relationship between gender and students performance in sciences that is psychologically hypothesized to be uniform across populations. Internal validity, however, is primary to research questions that seek to establish existence of a relationship between two

Do social stories decrease challenging behaviour in children with Dissertation

Do social stories decrease challenging behaviour in children with Autism - Dissertation Example Parents, instructors and psychologists have practiced variety of instructional methods and techniques for improving behavioural disorders among the children with autism. Social Stories are used to enhance social behaviour and social skills among the children having developmental disorders and autism. Social Stories are widely accepted cognitive approach to behaviour change. It is a part of general knowledge and clinical studies also mentioned the fact that children with autism have lower social appointment and less regularly initiative and respond to initiations than their typical mates. Because of autism and other developmental problems, children show some signs of poor social interactions, loneliness, difficulty in making and maintaining social relationships, and other types of mental disorders. The most important goal of Social Stories is to deal with those devastating difficulties among the children with ASD (Kokina & Kern, n.d.). Parents and teachers identify that generally Soci al Stories are written to give details the meaning of problematic situations to the students and give emphasis to the pertinent details, by this means addressing students’ difficulties stemming from weak central coherence (WCC). Shannon Crozier’s case study clearly underlines that the student who engaged in the case study demonstrated a frequent reduction in his disruptive social behaviour. Other factors like participant’s age, degree of diagnosis, format of the Social Stories, length of the intervention and the process of assessment play a significant role in the processes of examining the effectiveness of Social Stories in creating desirable social behaviour among the autistic children. Background of the study In order to appreciate the use of social stories in promoting desirable behaviours, we need to know about various challenging behaviours generally autistic children were explored. So it will explore the historical context of the issues as it will help to give a theoretical perspective for current policy and so on. Parents and instructors have followed mixed opinion about the effectiveness of Social Stories in creating desirable social skills among the children with autism. However, Social Stories help the children with specific behavioural disorders to comprehend some social situations, and other’s perspectives towards various social contexts. The study gets vital importance when one relates the topic in to the ongoing issues about the effectiveness of the social stories in creating desirable social behaviour among the children having behavioural problems.†Children and youths with autism display a variety of unique behaviours, including social interaction excesses and deficits , self-stimulatory behaviours and marked preoccupation with restricted and stereotyped responses† (Zager, 1999, p.194). The proposed study will search to establish the current status of various techniques for children with behavioural disor der. It will discuss how parents and instructors demands social stories for removing behaviour challenges from their children’s nature. Existing instructional methods for autistic children paved the way for numerous debates and discussions about their effectiveness. Studies make available vital information about the growing phase of challenging behav

Merger,Acquisition,and International Strageties Assignment

Merger,Acquisition,and International Strageties - Assignment Example It has been clarified that the merger of the two companies was enhanced by the fact that AMR corporation had previously encountered numerous loses. Therefore, it was within the best interest to file a case to declare the status of bankruptcy. Therefore, the engagement into a merger concept was seen as one of the best ways that would restore the organizational, financial status back to normalcy. Initially, American airways were recognized as one of the lucrative companies in the airline industry with up to 3100 flights departing from the United States and other different parts of the world on a daily basis. An airline company with integrated customer’s carriers employed over 32,000 aviation personnel. Having played an active role in human rights network, the organization was rewarded 100 percent by the human right corporation because of the quality index and campaign for the transgender employees. By the beginning of 2012, the airline corporation started feeling the effect of financial turbulence. As such, it was declared bankrupt by the united stain the department of justice to forge ahead for the merger by the United States airways and form American Airline Inc (Bryer & Simensky, 2002). It was considered a vital step towards reviving the organizational level of competitiveness. Therefore, AMR Corporation applied to Dallas/Fort worth court and requested for bankrupt cy approval permitting merger to a United States airways group. At first the application was not very successful, but after court judge Sean Lane intervened the procedure was allowed to continue. Although the two American airline companies were given go ahead to form a merger, coming up with a single certificate took some time while the newly formed organization had already started enjoying numerous benefits. For instance, the merger was perceived to as a wise decision because it has created an open way

Employee Development Plan: Importance and Applications

Employee Development Plan: Importance and Applications Employee Development Plan Running Head: EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT PLAN Abstract With the nation’s economic turmoil still lingering it is more important than ever to develop plans that will encourage employees to remain with the company. Employee turnover is a crucial issue when it comes to the current economic standing of America. Each time an employee leaves the company the company loses the money it spent training and developing that employee for the future with the company. The training, classes, and cross skills the company has invested in the employee then benefit the new company. Because this situation costs the company money, a new employee development plan has been designed in the hopes of improving employee retention rates in the future. Employee development allows for the development of the employee so that they can better equip themselves for their career choices. It is important to support their desire to develop more fully at work, while at the same time not investing money that walks out the door and to the competition. This design allows the company to support and assist the employee desire to develop in career skills and to feel that the company supports the loyalty he or she has shown by years of service while encouraging education as well as cross training. The organizational consultant, per the research information and plan, challenges the organization to embrace the detailed plan to further develop each valuable employee. No matter what, organizational leaders must see the value in employee development and be willing to make the effort to show loyalty to its employees. Employee Development Plan With the nation’s economic turmoil still lingering it is more important than ever to develop plans that will encourage employees to remain with the company. Each time an employee leaves the company the company loses the money it spent training and developing that employee for the future with the company. The training, classes, and cross skills the company has invested in the employee are then benefiting the new company. Because this situation costs the company money, a new employee development plan has been designed in the hopes of improving employee retention rates in the future. Ebbert Hubbard, the prominent American philosopher and writer, once said, â€Å"One machine can do the work of 50 ordinary men, but no machine can do the work of one extraordinary man† (Goldstein, 2003). His statement seems to be more pertinent than ever in the contemporary context of commuting from organizations focused on tangible assets like land or property to organizations relying on intangible assets such as creativity, knowledge, or problem solving. Statistics show that more than 50% of the Gross Domestic Product generated by developed economies is based on knowledge—information technology (IT), education, and pharmaceuticals being the key sectors that account for the impressive percentage (www.yourpeoplemanager.com). This means that humans have become the major resource for modern companies. Consequently, their development and education are the major levers conditioning the organizational growth. For that, leaders must understand the value of their employees and develop them for organizational and employee benefit. This research defines employee development and addresses why organizational leaders need it. The research proves the link between employee development and company growth while sharing the benefits of employee training and development. Then the research outlines a plan that addresses hiring, training, development based on time, promotion, and education. Lastly, the conclusion calls leaders to action to realize the importance of, and build the plan for, developing their employees. What is employee development and why do we need it? Before starting to analyze the correlation between these two aspects, a clear picture of what employee training and development mean could prove extremely useful. First, a clear delimitation should be made among three concepts that people often confuse. These are education, training, and development. The first one consists of preparing an individual’s mind in a framework that is different from the organization. The second refers to attending courses aimed at improving skills, knowledge or attitudes for appropriately achieving a certain task within an organization, while the third is the natural result of the first two and is represented by the growth of the individual in terms of ability, understanding and awareness (www.accel-team.com). This triangle proves to be indispensable to company performance as it allows employees to account for more tasks that are difficult. In addition, it accommodates newcomers to the organization’s performance standards and helps them act w ithin the same competitive pattern responsible for the company’s success. Further, it enhances the organization’s efficiency and effectiveness, it responds to legislative requirements regarding health or safety, and sets an adequate framework for informing employees on changes that have been made and the courses they have to attend in order to cope with modifications. Detecting the personnel’s needs requiring employee training and development programs is very difficult. However, task as managers can rely on various sources such as common sense (for instance, the implementation of new technologies undoubtedly represents a solid reason for training) and negative aspects that statistics reveal (the decrease of output per employee, lower performance indices, behavioral problems like absences, sickness, lateness etc.). Furthermore, government recommendations, predictions, specialists’ advice, alarm triggers pulled by specialized journals or confessions made by other organizations which have encountered a certain problem also are other sources on which task managers can rely. Training and development may be achieved in both formal and informal ways. The former category implies attending courses held by internal or external managers who usually combine impersonal lectures with interactive activities like role-playing or simulation, forums, tests, case studies presented with the help of video and computers. The latter category is a non-official one, and is mainly based on the employees’ ability to draw their own conclusions after observing other workers, participating in meetings, rotating jobs within the organization or temporary assisting employees from another company, autodidactic teaching by reading texts or viewing video tapes, being a member of a research team and so on (www.accel-team.com). Measuring the outcome of such training and development initiatives is a very difficult thing to do because results are rather qualitative than quantitative. Still, managers may observe if the effectiveness and efficiency of their employees have increased by analyzing the number of customer complaints or the time in which a certain task has been performed. They can also notice a faster accommodation of new employees, more effective use of machinery, a higher job satisfaction reflected in performing more qualitative services to the client (and thus attracting new customers), fewer accidents etc. Managers can also draw some conclusions concerning the employees’ loyalty or the improvement of their qualification allowing them to contribute to tougher tasks or other positions within the organization (www.accel-team.com). Researches proving the link between employee development and company growth Undoubtedly, employee development has a significant impact on the customers’ satisfaction and the employees’ ability and willingness to solve crisis encountered by the organization or to adapt to changes occurred in the business environment. Through training and development, a company’s personnel may gain the necessary expertise for approaching new markets or technologies, thus inducing cost savings in the end. Additionally, employees value trainings because these are seen as strategic investments that the organization accepts to make because of the huge trust it has in its personnel’s potential. Therefore, employees will embrace a positive and enthusiastic attitude towards the organization concerned about their intellectual evolvement and will work harder for helping it achieve its mission and goals (Gross, 2000). The link between employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and financial performance has also been outlined by AC Nielsen through its market researches or by Sears through surveys carried out on its retail stores (Goldstein, 2003). Another research survey, carried out by Sirota, Mischkind, and Meltzer (2005), on a sample of 2.5 million employees, highlighted that companies boasting high morale had the tendency to outperform competitors. Moreover, the research emphasized that out of 28 companies having almost 920,000 employees, the share price of 14 (known as high morale firms), had an average increase of 16% in 2004, while the share price of 6 (known as low morale firms) had an average increase of only 3%. The results were significant when compared with the industry average of 6%, calculated for 9,240 companies (http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu). In conclusion, higher morale and enthusiasm lead to increased financial performances. As employee development and training are said t o be rewards boosting the personnel’s positivism and satisfaction, they may be considered inherently linked to company growth. Benefits of employee training and development A major benefit of employee development is increased productivity. Because of the courses he or she attends, an employee may learn advanced techniques that lead to higher efficiency and effectiveness in performing tasks. For instance, if a company’s bookkeeper is sent to an Excel course, this will be taught several shortcuts that will help him or her comply faster with his job requirements. On one hand, this means that he or she can perform other activities that would have otherwise required hiring new employees, and spending more money. On the other hand, increased efficiency results in prompt accountancy reports and ledgers that may be timely consulted by managers in order to make operative decisions. This means shorter time, and consequently, less money spent. A second benefit of employee development refers to reducing turnover. Researches that have been carried out with regard to this issue have emphasized that an employee’s trajectory within an organization has the form of a parabola. In the beginning, he is enthusiastic about his new job and learns everything he needs in order to live up to the company’s expectations and gain recognition for his well-done work. This ascending trend (or honeymoon as Sirota calls it) lasts five or six months until the individual reaches a climax where routine comes into the limelight. Thus, he continues to do his job for a certain period, but as nothing new appears, the employee decides to leave the company and try something different or look for another challenge. Yet, Sirota’s (2005) research shows that 10% of the companies surveyed succeed in ensuring a prolonged honeymoon throughout the entire career to their employees because they understand the difficulty of â€Å"being enthusi astic about an organization that is not enthusiastic about you† (http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu). Consequently, they implement development programs that help employees seize opportunities and prepare for complex tasks that might reveal numerous latent skills or abilities. Additionally, employee development may be presented as a supplementary path to job security that has become a top need after the collapse of high-tech companies and September 11, 2001. A perfect example of a high-morale company in these terms is Southwest Airlines, which, after the terrorist attacks in September, stated: â€Å"We will take a hit in our stock price and not lay off anybody† (http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu). Furthermore, training and development can exert a positive influence in the recruiting process. First, managers may wish to hire an elitist who does not correspond to job requirements because of a certain skill. If the company is ready to offer trainings for developing the missing feature, it could win a valuable employee who may be responsible for future performances. The following is an example: A person applying for the PR executive position may be rejected because he or she does not correspond to a single requirement such as updating the company’s website. Although he or she is a performer and a fast learner, the organization prefers to hire a less brilliant candidate who poorly meets all the requirements instead of investing some courses in the first one. Such a decision may greatly affect the company’s performance and image. Secondly, development programs may prove enticing enough to potential employees. Therefore, the company can use them in order to attract the desired staff capable of inducing the organization’s growth. Thirdly, if existing employees are trained for different or more complex tasks, these may become eligible for vacant positions or may handle a wider range of activities. In this context, the company saves money by reducing its need to hire. Fourthly, development consists of rewarding loyal employees who after learning new skills are promoted to higher positions. This also accounts for a company’s performance. Lastly, development strategies allow employees to be more independent or, in other words, they give them wings to fly. This autonomy cuts off the supervision costs, thus increasing the company’s efficiency, and inherently, performance (Gross, 2000). Employee training also plays a major part in maintaining a work/life balance. This is essential for the organization’s health because the employee burnout phenomenon can decrease productivity or can have other negative consequences like: sickness, lateness, absenteeism as a result of the unusual stress; lower efficiency and morale because of their exaggerate workload; higher turnover rates. Consequently, employees should be helped to handle both work and life commitments through trainings teaching them how to better manage time and priorities or how to recharge batteries after projects or seasons involving an unusual amount of work. In response to the company’s concern, an employee may prove unexpectedly grateful and may voluntarily contribute to a future project, essential to the organization’s success (Gross, 2000). Employment Development Plan Hiring The first step to employee development is the hiring process. When there is an opening the department head will meet with human resources and determine exactly what the new job requirements will be. In addition, at this time there will be a discussion about where the position may lead in the future and what type of education or skills will be important to have for the path to be followed (Bass, 1985). Hiring in the future will involve a careful screening of applicants to cull the most qualified for the particular position in question. In the past, it has been accepted as a practice to hire the first one who was qualified in order to get the position filled. In the future, this will change and improve the retention rate of employees to the company. The applicants will be carefully examined so that the candidate who is most likely to advance within the company is selected. Hiring will happen by way of Internet sources, employee referrals, recruiters, and job fairs. When an opening occu rs it will be publicized in several publications so that the company will have a diverse applicant pool from which to select those who will be interviewed (Steines and Kleiner, 2003). Training Employee development is an expensive process. The company invests funds to train the employee, and then further train and then possibly invest in the employee’s college education as well. All of this is done with the hopes that the company will eventually reap the benefits of the investments made on the employee’s behalf (Liggett, 2007). The company’s employee development plan has changed to be more cautious about fund investments at the front end of the employee history with the company, but on the back end as time moves forward, the benefits are increased from previous years. When an employee is first hired, there will be a three-day training period by which the employee will view the videos and company policies, be given tours of the company, and will engage in a discussion about future possibilities. After the three days have passed, the employee will begin working along side someone in their chosen department who will assist with their acclimation (Liggett, 2007). While this will cost time and money because the training or supervising peer will have to slow down their own work when the new employee needs help, it is still less expensive than paying for the new employee to spend time in a training institution. The training will initially for nothing more than the job the employee was hired to do. At the first three-day session however, the employee will be told of the entire development package so the employee has an understanding of what the future holds and what staying with the company can mean to them. There will also be an employee suggestion box outside the cafeteria from which ideas for development will be read and discussed quarterly (Liggett, 2007). Development based on time The entire foundation of this employee development plan is to reward employees for loyalty and longevity. The plan is based on a staggered schedule that allows the company to provide the best benefits for those who stay with the company (Redling, 2003). The reward is incentive for employees to remain in the employ of the company while offering the company some security that it is investing in long-term workers. It also reduces the loss of funds that occur when a short-term employee goes to a competitor after receiving training at this company. Because the company’s new policy is operated with the bulk of the benefits on the back end of employment they must be made better than they were before so that employees want to stay and reap the rewards of the new package. After six months of employment the employee may request for a cross training package to be started. In this package, the employee will be trained in other departments so that he or she can work throughout the company in several different capacities. The company will provide a temporary worker to perform the employee’s duties while the employee is cross training for the other department (Redling, 2003). Each six months the employee will be encouraged to choose another department that he or she wishes to be cross trained for and the company will provide an temporary worker so that the employee can devote a full forty hour week to the business of learning the new skill. There will be no limit on the number of departments an employee can be cross trained in as long as there are at least six months worked at the regular position between training sessions. This allows the employee to develop their skills as well as provides additional back up support for the company because the empl oyee can handle multiple tasks within the company (Redling, 2003). Promotion It is important that an employee feel they are being treated well and given opportunities to advance in their careers (Solomon, 2002). Any time there is an opening the company employees shall have the first opportunities to apply for it. If there is an employee who is qualified, that employee shall be given the job and the hiring will focus on replacing him or her in the old position. Education After one year of employment with the company, the employee can apply for the education package. This will allow the company to reimburse for some costs of education. In years two through four of employment the company will reimburse the cost of tuition following the receipt of a report card that demonstrates a C average in the classes attempted. The classes can be based on any subject but there will be a one hundred percent reimbursement for classes pertaining to work and a seventy five percent reimbursement for classes that do not pertain to the industry. During years five through ten the company will reimburse at one hundred percent not only the cost of the tuition but also the cost of the books for any classes the employee chooses to take. The employee simply needs to provide a report card at the end of the semester to receive reimbursement. From years ten to 15 not only will the company pay for the employee college but will allow the employee to attend during the work day without docking the pay. This will work up to two hours a day for the duration of employment. The employment development plan not only allows for the development of an employee in the area of training but also in staff development. The managers of the company will attend annual seminars on staff relations so that they can better understand how to communicate with their subordinates (Dowling, 2001). The company wants to focus on employee retention and part of the reason employees choose to stay with a company or leave it for greener pastures is because they do or do not get along well with their superiors. Staff development and relations is an important aspect of employee development and annual staff relation seminars are targeting problem communications so that the employee will continue to feel loyal to the company. Conclusion Employee development can serve to save funds that the company would otherwise have to write off. Employee turnover is a crucial issue when it comes to the current economic standing of America. Employee development allows for the development of the employee so that they can better equip themselves for their career choices. It is important to support their desire to develop more fully at work, while at the same time not investing money that walks out the door and to the competition. This design allows the company to support and assist the employee desire to develop in career skills while at the same time discouraging a cash loss. If the employee stays with the company the development program risks very little of the company’s assets before the employee has proved themselves a long-term investment. This plan allows the employee to fully develop and to feel that the company supports the loyalty he or she has shown by years of service while encouraging education as well as cross tr aining. The organizational consultant, per the research information and plan, challenges the organization to embrace the detailed plan to further develop each valuable employee. No matter what, organizational leaders must see the value in employee development and be willing to make the effort to show loyalty to its employees. References Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York, NY: Free Press. Dowling, F. (2001). â€Å"Just the Job: Bosses need work on staff relations.† Birmingham Post. January 6, 22 pp. Function 7: Employee education, training, and development. (2006). [Online], Available:http://www.accel-team.com/human_resources/hrm_07.html (2008, January 30). Giving Employees What They Want: The Returns Are Huge. (2005). [Online], Available: http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=1188CFID=3898075CFTOKEN=53249968 (2008, January 30). Goldstein, S. (2003). â€Å"Employee Development: An examination of service strategy in a high-contact service environment.† Production and Operations Management. Summer. Gross, B. (2000). Effective Training Programs for Managers, [Online], Available: http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/careers-job-training/2975408-3.html (2008, January 30). Helping Employees Maintain Work/Life Balance. (2006). [Online], Available: http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/employee-development-employee-productivity/1242-1.html (2008, January 30). Liggett, D. (2007). â€Å"Training and qualifying your employees.† Industry Applications Magazine. May, Vol. 13, Issue 3. pp.25-30. Redling, R. (2003). â€Å"Assembling a solid staff: Job rotation, job shaping and cross training help employee retention.† Connexion/Medical Group Management Association. March, Vol. 3, pp. 38-40. Sirota, D., L. Mischkind, and Michael Meltzer. (2005). The Enthusiastic Employee: How Companies Profit by Giving Workers What They Want. University City, PA: Wharton School Publishing. Steines, S. R., and B. H. Kleiner. (2003). â€Å"Keys to Hiring Employees Effectively.† Management Research News. Volume 26, Issue 2/3/4, pp. 170-180. Solomon, M. (2002). â€Å"Discovering the Leader Within.† Computerworld. August 5, 38 pp. YPM Briefing: Employee development. (2005). [Online], Available: http://www.yourpeoplemanager.com/YarBGXpoTX_-WA.html (2008, January 30). Total Quality Management: Advantages and Disadvantages Total Quality Management: Advantages and Disadvantages Quality plays a significant role in the development and success of any organization or product. UK is recognized as a core of the creation of petrochemical and other associated products of petrochemical. There is high demand for petrochemical products all over the world; so quality assurance and quality management are very important in petrochemical industry in order to exist in the global economy. There are many petrochemical industries in this country and millions of people are working in these industries. Even though this sector is one of the major sources of economic growth, the petrochemical industries are facing some problems regarding quality management and quality assurance (Grote, 2001). The main challenges faced by the petrochemical industry are the need to manage the commercial environment better and as a minimum to stop worsening the industrys inherent cyclicality  the need for further restructuring in order to improve underlying performance  and the need to improve relationships with the outside world because crucially these relationships increasingly will determine the scope for success in our industry (ibid). In terms of long term challenges, petrochemical industries in the UK are facing number of challenges that need careful planning. These challenges are firstly, the increase of demand (BP, 2010). This increase in demand is caused by the increase in population in the UK and around the world which will put petrochemical under pressure to follow the demand. Another problem is dealing with petrochemical suppliers it will be possible to survive the prices that are caused the changing in petrochemical raw material (oil and gas) in global market (ibid). For example, in 2008 the oil prices raised to record value over $138 for barrel. Thirdly, they need to find more resources to cope with demand increase (ibid). Finally, they are going to face a problem of where should they make investments and train their workforce (ibid). The investment should not be on only finding new oil field but Its about discovering new technologies and pioneering new methods; developing the best equipment and equipping our teams with the right skills and be more innovative to become even more environmental friendly (ibid). Some petrochemical industries in the United Kingdom have problems in utilizing their resources in best way. This causes a great loss of profit for them since in higher demand season they need to increase the capacity by hiring skilled workforce or buying needed products from competitors which needs extra costs. Others have problem recycling there products or some kinds of product or even recycling of the waste product. This also causes a big loss to the company because if a product has a defect, its not necessary mean that all material integrated in the product cannot be recovered. Implementation of the Latest technology and train the workforce on it is necessary as it recommended by TQM and ISO 9000 in system improving point. The pressure which making solving these problems even more difficult come from the financial crisis for the past few years that has affected the running of the petrochemical industries 2008 saw crude oil prices rise to record highs and then follow the financial markets to unexpected lows (BP, 2010). Increase in the price of the resources decreased the production of these industries or if the production doesnt change, the profit will decrease. The petrochemical products are used for a number of purposes and the number of competitors has increased recently; therefore, leading in quality and clearing the company brand guarantee the survival in this competition. Implementation of TQM as a precursor to ISO 9000 and vice versa: The petrochemical industries are those involved in the manufacturing of toxic chemicals and organic compounds which can affect the people when not maintained properly. Quality assessment and quality standard implementation should be done from the start-up of production to the final despatch of the product for customer satisfaction and for the maintenance of quality system. The petrochemical industry should also comply with the requirements of occupational health and safety management systems which deal with the precautions on health and environmental factors. This is applicable to all chemical industries. In Diagram 1, the implementation of quality factors starts with the vision and mission of the company, the vision are the future view of the company; the mission are the goals in terms of quality products, customer satisfaction and the profit which they want to achieve (DTI, n.d., p2). The statements should be clear and spontaneous (ibid). CSF/KPI: The critical factors for successful implementation are the building blocks for the success and those identified factors that affect in the implementation by analysing of the past data and the modification to be done in implementing the new standards (DTI, n.d., pp2-3; Oakland and Marosszeky, 2006, p363). They identify the key performance indicators like the employees, resources like plant and machinery, innovation etc. Encouraging new ideas and technology, discarding obsolete ones etc. contribute to the success in the implementation; they monitor the performance and report the progress and the feedback for the organizations well-being (ibid). Core process: The core business processes are the profit rearing segments of the business and they consist of suppliers, process and the customers (DTI, n.d., pp3-4). The quality implementations create a major impact on the core process and the competitive advantage when the implementation of the TQM is done in the business process (ibid). Defining of the business opportunity: Quality implementation is done mainly for increasing the reputation of the company which leads to increase in profit. The company must be against the acceptance of any kind of compromise in the product quality which affects the company and its reputation in the market. To make the situation at an ease and conducting a review to identify the particular need and the specification of the customer and the company and the analyzing whether the required standard is met or not, this becomes the method for getting a better business opportunity (DTI, n.d., p6). The ISO 9000: This is an important tool for the implementation of TQM. This is a general name given to the list of quality standards. The main aim of these quality standards is to provide the company with the standard products and to make the company a profit oriented and highly reputed. The brainstorming of the ideas is given a good place for the implementation. They help in several ideas generated by the people and the product analysis and the performing of the functions according to the effectiveness of the customer satisfaction and the major role in the quality assessment criteria and to enhance the company position, reputation and profitability (Karakas and Kavas, 2008, pp.8-11). Decision making by the management and the implementation to be done by the different standards and the performance of them are monitored continuously, and the demerits in the performance are identified and continuous improvement is done by providing adequate training and development (Maddalena, 2007, pp.71-72). ISO 9000 series is a quality management system that has to be maintained in an organization. This means what the organization does to fulfil:   the customers quality requirements, and  applicable regulatory requirements, while aiming to  enhance customer satisfaction, and  achieve continual improvement of its performance in pursuit of these objectives (ISO, 2010). The idea of improvement in implementing TQM by the companies is to have the accreditation, proper dealing with the customer for the certification for the business and exports to be done to other countries and also to increase the position and profit of the company. Advantages of implementing TQM as a precursor to ISO 9000 and vice versa globally: The ISO 9000 and TQM are two main subjects that are used to show the quality of an industry. Although fundamentally different TQM ensures organizations do the right thing, while ISO 9000 is about doing things right (Williams and Buswell, 2003, p133). There are many advantages in implementing ISO 900 as precursor to TQM and vice versa. ISO 9000 has grown popularity due to its advantages. The ISO 9000 is considered as a quality model, and it can be used as a tool to TQM. ISO 9000 helps in planning household finance because keeping records of paying bills and taxes is the first step to run a business effectively (Kurtus, 2001). ISO 9000 will help the process of production when the quality management process is at the starting stage. ISO 9000 has nowadays become a need to any organization because it helps to improve productivity (Pike and Barnes, 1996, p27). It helps in organizing the process of production, and it also helps in improving the performance of the company (ibid). The implementation determines whether the work is done in an efficient way or not, and makes sure that the system is on track (ibid). Moreover, ISO 9000 gives a great advantage to an organization to work globally (ibid). Finally, by implementing ISO 9000 first, the implantation of TQM will be more effective. On the other hand, Total quality management can be implemented as a precursor to ISO 9000. Implementing TQM as a precursor can be of advantage to the implementation of ISO 9000 because the company can keep its regular customers which can be possible because TQM helps in meeting the needs of the customers. The implementation of TQM creates a competitive advantage, and it will also improve the participation and dedication of the employees. The employees work as a team for the implementation activities and thus cooperation increases. Besides, the implementation of TQM as a precursor to ISO 9000 will reduce the time of the registration with ISO because most of ISO 9000 requirement should be met by the organization. The implementation of TQM and ISO 9000 helps provide quality to the customers. So, the advantages of both quality systems in an organization can be listed as follows; They improve the productivity of the organization from top to bottom. They are systematic and well-structured approaches that can be used for enhancing customer satisfaction. Theyre very improvement methods by which the deviations can be reduced. Both help in delivering the product and services that required quality which expected by the customers. Together they help in reducing a higher level of wastages. Implementation of ISO 9000 offers a strong foundation for the efficient implementation of TQM. The implementing of ISO 9000 as a precursor of TQM helps to create an understanding of the requirements of the customers. It enhances the involvement of the employees in the TQM process. It increases the relationship with the suppliers. The profit of the firm can be boosted up by implementing ISO 9000. Disadvantages of implementing TQM as a precursor to ISO 9000 and vice versa globally: ISO 9000 and TQM are the integral components of the successful running of every organization. While implementing TQM as a precursor to ISO 9000, few problems arise in connection with customer satisfaction, because without the incorporation of TQM and ISO 9000 does not bring enough customer satisfaction. They consider that ISO 9000 certification is the main thing which shows the manufacturers ability to produce high quality products (Schoonmaker, 1997, p5). Also implementation of TQM as a precursor to ISO causes difficulties for entering into international market because ISO 9000 certification is an integral component of petrochemical industry to enter an international market. In order to get ISO 9000 systematic planning is necessary and it will help bring faith from the part of the customer and also to produce good quality products. ISO 9000 certification is the major thing which is used to compete with the international markets. Also, implementing TQM as a precursor to ISO 9000 will cause difficulties to maintain quality improvement. So, it is better to follow ISO 9000 standards before TQM in every organization. Nevertheless, there exist few disadvantages also for this type of implementation. In order to achieve maximum profit from a business, the major thing is to fulfil the needs of the customer and TQM approach gives more consideration to customer satisfaction. So, by implementing ISO 9000 first will cause few problems regarding customer satisfaction. Even there is quality in the products for the satisfaction of the customer ISO 9000 and TQM certification is essential. It is better to implement ISO 9000 before TQM because in the newest version of ISO 9000 it includes several features of TQM. Therefore the implementation of TQM before ISO 900 is really wastage of time and money. There are some problems regarding the implementation of TQM as the precursor to ISO 9000 and some of that problems are Initially higher cost of production as more is recognized as rejects. Cost of training personnel, cost of implementing stages of feedback for employees (Voters 2010). The implementation of this TQM standard requires more cost because there need to bring total changes in the organization such as for the training of the employees, implementation of the latest technologies etc (Pike and Barnes, 1996, p275). It is difficult to alter the practice of the long-time workers to the TQM procedures and ISO 9000 procedures. While the organization is ru nning smoothly with their existing functional procedures as the customer demands for the ISO 9000 and TQM standard certification, the company owners are forced to change to these standard procedures. Even though an organization maintains quality in their products and excellent workers the customer does not agree the quality without the certification of these standards. The petrochemical products are used for several purposes so the certification of ISO 9000 and TQM for every product seems to be very difficult because sometimes the assurance of the quality of a product requires much more money than the money required for the manufacturing of that product. There are also some difficulties in implementation the ISO 9000 as the precursor. To finish the procedures of ISO 9000 registration it takes several months. The 1996 Quality Systems Update survey indicated that it took businesses an average of 15 months to move from the early stages of the process to passage of the final audit, and that processes of 18-20 months or even longer were not that uncommon (Answers, 2010). It is really wastage of time and effort to the business owners moreover wastage of time to other employees in the organization. Frequently companies will have a customer who demands that they be ISO 9000 certified to continue doing business. NOW the company has the choice of losing a customer or implementing ISO 9000. Either way money is lost in the short term (Gunaman and De-Almeida, 2000, p.5).

The Confined Voices of Female Slaves Essay -- Essays Papers

The Confined Voices of Female Slaves Slave narratives provide a first-hand experience on slave lives and reveal the truth about slavery. Through the writing of narratives, slaves hoped to expose the cruel and inhumane aspects of slavery and their struggles, sorrows, and triumphs. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, slave narratives were important means of opening a dialogue between blacks and whites about slavery and freedom. Some slave narratives were crafted to enlighten white readers about the realities of slavery as an institution and the humanity of black people. Today, slave narratives are one of the few reliable sources for the study of slave lives. Many female slave narratives indicated that gender was an important factor in determining the fate of a slave even though slave owners often did not differentiate between genders in the assigning of tasks. Thus, women often ended up working along side men. Most male slaves performed chores such as trapping and hunting animals or working in the fields. Their jobs mainly consisted of some type of physical labor which required strength and endurance. However, a woman's place in society, throughout the travesty of slavery, was somewhat different. Women often performed domestic duties, attempted to keep the slave family healthy and unified, and tended to their masters' demands and whims. Above all jobs, women slaves also represented an authority figure within their families and communities. In times of melancholy they were relied upon for guidance and comfort through agony, and in times of ecstasy they came together with the slave community to share in the happiness. Slave families had a tendency to be unstable, due to the nature of the institution of slav... ... mentality that the community raises the child also precedes the Civil War. Each of these demonstrate how slavery greatly influenced the generations to follow. The role played by slave women is one that is present in the lives of many modern day families-- the foods eaten by families today as catfish, ox tail, pigs feet, and chitlins were once the leftover animal parts the slave owners no longer had a use for and gave to the slaves for nourishment. Without choice, those ingenious women created an eating tradition that once was used out of necessity for sustenance. Little did they realize that future generations would utilize that creative knowledge and treasure it as their heritage and part of the history of their people. Bibliographical Sources 1. http://weber.u.washington.edu/~sunstar/ws200/dimitrio.htm 2. http://ftp.oit.unc.edu/docsouth/neh/specialneh.html

Travelling For Education

Due to the miserable situations of Lebanese students and their long years of suffering from the bad educating services and due to the absence of responsibility toward university students and the difficulty of finding jobs. The researcher in this paper shows the attention to this problem. Traveling For Education It was become a fashion trend that more and more people choose to go abroad to study. Some people think it is great experience while on the country , some others think it is not good at all!Despite of the importance of studying abroad and the presence of scientist that have raised Lebanon's name abroad , there are still oppositions to the views of this idea that prefer to stay in Lebanon despite of all its problems that they suffer from . Students in Lebanon should study outside for many reasons. General atmosphere is not suitable to study in Lebanon on all levels. The lack of raw materials in Lebanon led to the weakness of electricity and this case does not fit college studen t who needs a convenient means for study and research. In addition to the electricity obstacle we  notice the non-existence of laboratories, libraries and research centers, the state does not give an adequate attention to this deficiency, which leads for big effort toward the college student.For example , there is only one public library that opened new in Nabtieh † centre de lecture et d'animation culturelle † beside the red cross and it does not have the media support to be a know place to come to it. In addition to all problems that Lebanese students face we have an initial problem by students that is the lack of comfort in government universities , and when they resort  Ã‚  to private universities that are more comfortable with all they need for studying they will be shocked by the high cost that they can't afford which lead them to depression , and we will not forget the non-support for the best students that government must appreciate and have a look for them. Going abroad to study means far more than learning. The book† Intercultural journeys from study to residence abroad † ( Jackson , 1954) talk about this issue.This book focuses on the actual experiences of college students who travelled from their homes to foreign lands, the author  explores the linkage between intercultural awareness and sensitivity, language development , and identity reconstruction in young adult college learners. Generally, the first thing you need to do is to survive in a foreign nation. Where to find a place to live? How to deal with transportation? How to cook food? All these are the things you have to think and depend on yourself.Students who study abroad have to take care of themselves, and these questions are used the Lebanese students who don't want to travel abroad. Without parents, you can learn how to arrange their  own issues and do everything by yourself better. This is what we call independent awareness. Studying abroad cultivate your independent awareness and capability of taking care yourself. It is   always a tough time when living in a country that is totally new to you and facing all kinds problems. One you overcome them , you get the ability to live on your own. This is great, when the people of your age still enjoying their lives under the protection of their families, you begin to experience life.We take this factor as the most important advantage as it teaches you the basic ability to live your life. No one but yourself can teach you this! Everyone needs to be enriched with more experience and be more mature. Studying abroad means you set yourself into a circumstance that is totally different to you. You can enjoy a new culture all by yourself: people's thoughts and behaviors and the way people live are the first-hand to you , is not this great ? Cultural differences are more than just differences in language, food, appearances, culture and personal habits.A person's reflects very deep perceptions, be liefs, and values that influence his or her way of life and the way that he or she views the world. Students who experience cultural differences personally can come to truly understand where other cultures are coming from.You can greatly increase your adaptability to what we call the † Global Village† in your potential career ( Dixon , 2009 ) . Only knowing cultural difference is not enough, studying abroad has a lot more to explore! seeing the beautiful sceneries of a nation, volunteering   in social work and communicating with local people are all up to you. By studying abroad you know more about the world, no matter academically or physically. Knowing more a and experiencing more help you think rationally and behave maturely. The things above are the most important and valuable advantages we can think of. And of course there are much more that hat we mentioned , learning and mastering a new manage or having the chance to travel may also be the advantages that attrac t you. Do not hesitate, going abroad to study do offer you great improvement!

Amount vs. Number

Amount vs. Number â€Å"Amount† vs. â€Å"Number† â€Å"Amount† vs. â€Å"Number† By Mark Nichol The frequent confusion between amount and number is based on a misunderstanding of a small, simple distinction that the words themselves indicate. Amount refers to quantities that are measured in bulk or mass considered as a whole while number pertains to things that can be counted individually: â€Å"The amount of square footage in the attached shed is enough for a push lawn mower or a small barbecue,† but â€Å"The total number of square feet includes the attached shed’s square footage.† In reference to amount, use the terms little or less or the phrase â€Å"much more†: â€Å"The amount left is too little to be of any use.† â€Å"The amount is less than I thought.† â€Å"The amount is much more than we expected.† In reference to number, use the words few or fewer or the phrase â€Å"many more†: â€Å"The number of people who have signed up is too few.† â€Å"The number of people here, compared to the number here yesterday, is fewer.† â€Å"The number of people here is many more than we expected.† (Note that more applies to both amount and number.) Either word can be applied to a particular thing as long as the description of the thing is consistent with the distinction between amount and number: One can refer to the amount of fun one has had, but one can also count the number of fun things one has done. Two categories of things that are flexible in terms of these usages are money and time: One can refer to an amount of money or to a number of dollar bills, or to an amount of time or a number of hours: â€Å"The amount of money in the cookie jar has decreased† and â€Å"The number of dollar bills in the cookie jar has decreased† are both correct, as are â€Å"I need to decrease the amount of hours I’m scheduled to work† and â€Å"I need to decrease the number of hours I’m scheduled to work.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Words for Facial ExpressionsDoes "Mr" Take a Period?Inspiring vs. Inspirational

Free Essays on Descartes Discourse

Descartes' first discussion of scientific method is in an unfinished work of 1628 titled Rules for the Direction of the Mind. The first 12 of the planned 36 rules deal with the general aspects of his proposed methodology, and are considered early versions of principles which made their way into his later writings. In 1633 Descartes prepared for publication a work on physics called Le Monde which defended a heliocentric view of the universe. That same year the Catholic Church condemned Galileo's Dialogue (1632). Descartes did not think Galileo's views were prejudicial to religion and he worried that his own views might be censured. Thus he suspended publication of it. In 1637 Descartes published a collection of essays titled Optics, Meterology, and Geometry. Prefaced to these essays was a work titled "Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences." Most of the "Discourse" was written before the 1633 condemnation of Galileo's Dialogue. Howev er, he later added a concluding section which explained that he insisted on publishing, in spite of political risks. The simple reason was that he counted on the public to help confirm his scientific theories. In the Discourse, Descartes offers a method of inquiry quite different from Bacon's. Whereas Bacon advocated induction, Descartes insists on a more deductive approach. Most of the Discourse is autobiographical insofar as it traces Descartes intellectual development and how his method assisted him in his investigations. Descartes realized that he needed to reject much of the teachings of his youth. This raised the question as to exactly how he should proceed in replacing old theories with new ones. He found his answer by observing how old parts of cities are replaced with the new. The more elegant cities are those which are methodically built from scratch, not those which continually renovate old sections. Descartes explains that he had learned a va... Free Essays on Descartes Discourse Free Essays on Descartes Discourse Descartes' first discussion of scientific method is in an unfinished work of 1628 titled Rules for the Direction of the Mind. The first 12 of the planned 36 rules deal with the general aspects of his proposed methodology, and are considered early versions of principles which made their way into his later writings. In 1633 Descartes prepared for publication a work on physics called Le Monde which defended a heliocentric view of the universe. That same year the Catholic Church condemned Galileo's Dialogue (1632). Descartes did not think Galileo's views were prejudicial to religion and he worried that his own views might be censured. Thus he suspended publication of it. In 1637 Descartes published a collection of essays titled Optics, Meterology, and Geometry. Prefaced to these essays was a work titled "Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences." Most of the "Discourse" was written before the 1633 condemnation of Galileo's Dialogue. Howev er, he later added a concluding section which explained that he insisted on publishing, in spite of political risks. The simple reason was that he counted on the public to help confirm his scientific theories. In the Discourse, Descartes offers a method of inquiry quite different from Bacon's. Whereas Bacon advocated induction, Descartes insists on a more deductive approach. Most of the Discourse is autobiographical insofar as it traces Descartes intellectual development and how his method assisted him in his investigations. Descartes realized that he needed to reject much of the teachings of his youth. This raised the question as to exactly how he should proceed in replacing old theories with new ones. He found his answer by observing how old parts of cities are replaced with the new. The more elegant cities are those which are methodically built from scratch, not those which continually renovate old sections. Descartes explains that he had learned a va...

Eric Schmidt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Eric Schmidt - Essay Example For those who hope to be leadership material, Eric Schmidt's rise to the top of the leadership ladder is worth studying. Who is this man and how has he managed to become such a successful business leader He didn't do this overnight. Schmidt has been involved in electronics since his graduation from Princeton in 1976, and he presently has a doctorate in computer science. He began in research labs, moved into executive positions with Sun and Novell, and presently is CEO of Google ("Dr. Eric Schmidt"). Schmidt has the credentials to be at the top of his field, but in the business world of the 21st century, more than experience is necessary to meet market expectations. According to Dean of Dartmouth Business School, good leaders need a giving spirit, a balanced perspective, self-awareness, and a moral compass (Damos). Most people see the business world, especially in the United States, as reflecting corporate greed, the bottom line, and fierce competition. By looking at current corporate success in a global community, it quickly becomes evident that drastic change has taken place. No one is in a better position to understand this than Eric Schmidt. With the Internet the major source of information, he has to be the information guru, the leader who finds ways to educate other leaders and show by the growth in his company how to establish a strong customer base. In a recent interview for the Financial Times Limited in London, Schmidt said that gathering more personal data was a key way for Google to expand and felt that the company was very early in the total information already available within Google (Daniel & Palmer). The race to accumulate the most comprehensive database of individual information worldwide, has, according to Daniel and Palmer, become the new battleground for search engines. Even as Schmidt looks to the future, he is faced with issues about privacy brought into play by his recent acquisition of DoubleClick, which could build up a detailed picture of someone's behavior by combining its records of web searches with information from DoubleClick's "cookies." Schmidt acknowledges these concerns and has promised to work on technology to reduce them. It is obvious that Schmidt has followed the tenets that create a good leader by his recent election to Apple's board of directors (Apple). Besides the fact that this will benefit both Google and Apple, Apple's brand recognition is connected to innovation and new product development, which will extend to Google. Already, the company has created iGoogle, a personal page for Google users that will bring recognition because of Apple's iPods, iLife, and iTunes. As of April 2007, Google said its profit soared almost 70 per cent in the first quarter. The company met Yahoo's challenge when it introduced its new search platform called Project Panama, which has not had a short-term impact. However, Google keeps moving ahead. Schmidt said in a statement to CNN: "The global growth of our core